7 Fig. 7.1 is a photomicrograph of a cross-section of a root. A B C Fig. 7.1 (a) Identify the parts of the root labelled A and B in Fig. 7.1. A … B … [2] (b) The cell labelled C absorbs mineral ions from the soil. (i) Name this cell. … [1] (ii) Name one other substance absorbed by the cell labelled C in Fig. 7.1. … [1] (c) Chlorophyll is needed for photosynthesis. (i) Name the mineral ion needed to make chlorophyll. … [1] (ii) State the word equation for photosynthesis. … [2] (d) Fig. 7.2 is a diagram of a seed germinating underground. root shoot soil Fig. 7.2 (i) Draw two arrows on Fig. 7.2 to show the direction the root and shoot will grow. [1] (ii) There is no light reaching the seed underground. Name the stimulus the root would be responding to in Fig. 7.2. … [1] (iii) State two environmental conditions seeds need to germinate. 1 … 2 … [2] [Total: 11]

7(a) A xylem ; B phloem ; 2 7(b)(i) root hair (cell) ; 1 7(b)(ii) water ; 1 7(c)(i) magnesium ; 1 7(c)(ii) carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen ;; 2 7(d)(i) shoot arrow pointing upwards and root arrow pointing downwards ; 1 7(d)(ii) gravity ; 1 7(d)(iii) any two from warm / suitable temperature ; oxygen ; moisture / water ; 2 (a) To earn the marks, you must correctly identify 'xylem' for A and 'phloem' for B. (b)(i) To earn the mark, you must name 'root hair (cell)' for cell C. (b)(ii) To earn the mark, you must name 'water' as another substance absorbed by cell C. (c)(i) To earn the mark, you must name 'magnesium' as the mineral ion needed for chlorophyll. (c)(ii) To earn the marks, you must state the complete and correct word equation for photosynthesis: carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen. (d)(i) To earn the mark, you must draw an arrow pointing upwards for the shoot and an arrow pointing downwards for the root. (d)(ii) To earn the mark, you must state 'gravity' as the factor influencing the direction of root and shoot growth. (d)(iii) To earn marks, you must list two conditions necessary for germination, such as warmth/suitable temperature, oxygen, or moisture/water.

7 (a) A scientist investigates the effect of immersion of plant cells in different concentrations of sugar solution. Fig. 7.1 shows the appearance of the plant cells before immersion. Fig. 7.1 Beakers A–D contain different concentrations of sugar solution. Some plant cells are placed in each solution and left for an hour. Table 7.1 shows the results. Table 7.1 beaker A B C D appearance of plant cells after immersion (i) Describe the change seen to the plant cells placed in beaker A in Table 7.1. … … [1] (ii) Suggest which beaker contains the solution with the same concentration as the plant cells. Give a reason for your answer. beaker … reason … [2] (b) Water enters the plant through the root hair cells. Complete the flow chart to show the pathway of water through the cells of a plant. root hair cell … xylem … [2] (c) Xylem transports water through the plant stem. Name the tissue that transports sugars through the plant stem. … [1] (d) Water and carbon dioxide are raw materials required for photosynthesis. Name two other requirements for photosynthesis. 1 … 2 … [2] (e) Protecting land from deforestation helps stop the loss of soil. This is because tree roots hold the soil together, stopping it being washed away. Suggest two other benefits of protecting land from deforestation. 1 … … 2 … … [2] [Total: 10]

7(a)(i) the cell, swells / increases in size ; 1 7(a)(ii) B ; the cell has not changed ; 2 7(b) root cortex (cell) ; mesophyll (cell) ; 2 7(c) phloem ; 1 7(d) light ; chlorophyll ; AVP ; 2 7(e) any two from prevents extinction of animals ; conserves habitat ; protects food sources (for humans) ; maintains food, chains / webs ; maintains, wood / fuel (resources) ; idea of protecting natural beauty ; AVP ; max 2 2 (a)(i) To earn this mark, you must describe the change as the cell 'swells / increases in size'. (a)(ii) To earn these two marks, you must identify beaker 'B' and explain that 'the cell has not changed'. (b) To earn these two marks, you must correctly complete the flow chart with 'root cortex (cell)' and 'mesophyll (cell)'. (c) To earn this mark, you must name 'phloem' as the tissue that transports sugars. (d) To earn these two marks, you must state 'light' and 'chlorophyll' as factors required for photosynthesis, or provide another valid point. (e) To earn these two marks, you must state any two valid reasons for conserving plant species, such as preventing animal extinction, conserving habitats, protecting food sources, maintaining food chains/webs, maintaining wood/fuel resources, or protecting natural beauty.

7 (a) A scientist investigates the effect of immersion of plant cells in different concentrations of sugar solution. Fig. 7.1 shows the appearance of the plant cells before immersion. Fig. 7.1 Beakers A–D contain different concentrations of sugar solution. Some plant cells are placed in each solution and left for an hour. Table 7.1 shows the results. Table 7.1 beaker A B C D appearance of plant cells after immersion (i) Describe the change seen to the plant cells placed in beaker A in Table 7.1. … … [1] (ii) Suggest which beaker contains the solution with the same concentration as the plant cells. Give a reason for your answer. beaker … reason … [2] (b) Water enters the plant through the root hair cells. Complete the flow chart to show the pathway of water through the cells of a plant. root hair cell … xylem … [2] (c) Xylem transports water through the plant stem. Name the tissue that transports sugars through the plant stem. … [1] (d) Water and carbon dioxide are raw materials required for photosynthesis. Name two other requirements for photosynthesis. 1 … 2 … [2] (e) Protecting land from deforestation helps stop the loss of soil. This is because tree roots hold the soil together, stopping it being washed away. Suggest two other benefits of protecting land from deforestation. 1 … … 2 … … [2] [Total: 10]

7(a)(i) the cell, swells / increases in size ; 1 7(a)(ii) B ; the cell has not changed ; 2 7(b) root cortex (cell) ; mesophyll (cell) ; 2 7(c) phloem ; 1 7(d) light ; chlorophyll ; AVP ; 2 7(e) any two from prevents extinction of animals ; conserves habitat ; protects food sources (for humans) ; maintains food, chains / webs ; maintains, wood / fuel (resources) ; idea of protecting natural beauty ; AVP ; max 2 2 (a)(i) To earn this mark, you must describe the change as the cell 'swells / increases in size'. (a)(ii) To earn these two marks, you must identify 'B' as the beaker and explain that 'the cell has not changed'. (b) To earn these two marks, you must correctly complete the flow chart with 'root cortex (cell)' and 'mesophyll (cell)'. (c) To earn this mark, you must name 'phloem' as the tissue that transports sugars. (d) To earn these two marks, you must state 'light' and 'chlorophyll' as two factors required for photosynthesis, or provide another valid point. (e) To earn these two marks, you must state two valid reasons for conserving endangered species, such as preventing extinction, conserving habitats, protecting food sources, maintaining food chains/webs, maintaining wood/fuel resources, or protecting natural beauty.

7 (a) State the word equation for photosynthesis. … [2] (b) Fig. 7.1 is a diagram of a cross‑section of a leaf. A X chloroplast B C D Fig. 7.1 (i) Identify the area in Fig. 7.1, A, B, C or D, where most photosynthesis takes place. Give one reason for your answer using evidence from Fig. 7.1. area … reason … … [2] (ii) On Fig. 7.1, draw one arrow to show the pathway of water during transpiration. [2] (iii) State the name of part X shown in Fig. 7.1. … [1] (c) A group of pea plants is grown with standard fertiliser and another group is grown with fertiliser containing additional magnesium. The height of the plants is measured and an average calculated. Table 7.1 shows the results. Table 7.1 group of pea plant average height of plant / cm standard fertiliser 27.4 fertiliser with additional magnesium 33.0 Carbohydrates are needed for plant growth. Explain the results shown in Table 7.1. Include ideas about carbohydrates and photosynthesis in your answer. … … … … … [3] (d) Fertilisers contain nitrate ions. Describe the importance of nitrate ions to plants. … … [1] [Total: 11]

7(a) carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen ;; 2 7(b)(i) B ; area with the most chloroplasts ; 2 7(b)(ii) arrow starting at the surface of any of the mesophyll cells ; pointing to / through, the stomata ; 2 7(b)(iii) cuticle ; 1 7(c) magnesium required to produce chlorophyll ; chlorophyll is required for photosynthesis ; photosynthesis produces carbohydrates (for growth) ; 3 7(d) nitrate ions are needed to produce amino acids ; 1 To earn marks for (a), write the word equation: 'carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen'. For (b)(i), identify area 'B' and explain it has the most chloroplasts. For (b)(ii), draw an arrow starting at a mesophyll cell surface and pointing towards/through a stomata. For (b)(iii), state 'cuticle'. For (c), explain that magnesium is needed for chlorophyll production, chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis, and photosynthesis produces carbohydrates for growth. For (d), state that nitrate ions are needed to produce amino acids.

5 The rate of photosynthesis was measured by counting the number of bubbles of oxygen produced by a submerged aquatic plant at different light intensities as shown. water aquatic plant Which two variables need to be kept constant? A size of plant used and temperature of the water B light intensity and size of the boiling tube C size of plant used and size of the boiling tube D temperature of the water and light intensity

Answer: A To earn the mark, a student must identify that the size of the plant used and the temperature of the water are the two variables that need to be kept constant.

Cambridge IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences · 0654

IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences (0654) Plant nutrition past paper questions

Revise IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences (0654) — Plant nutrition with real Cambridge past-paper questions grouped by topic, each shown with its marking scheme. Working one topic at a time targets exactly the skill each question tests.

132 free questions from 2016–2021, each with its marking scheme. Open the full topical bank to filter by subtopic, paper, and year.

Plant nutrition in IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences 0654 exams, 2020–2025

Across 2020–2025, Plant nutrition accounted for 183 questions worth 949 marks in Cambridge IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences (0654) papers.

By year
Year	Questions	Marks
2020	25	142
2021	37	164
2022	38	219
2023	25	124
2024	33	175
2025	25	125

Most-tested subtopics

B6.1 Photosynthesis699 marks
B6.2 Leaf structure318 marks

Appears in

Paper 1 · 47 qs
Paper 2 · 46 qs
Paper 3 · 34 qs
Paper 4 · 36 qs
Paper 5 · 10 qs
Paper 6 · 10 qs

All most-tested Co-ordinated Sciences topics

2021 Feb/Mar · Paper 3 · Q7 · 11 marks
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2021 May/Jun · Paper 3 · Q7 · 10 marks
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2021 May/Jun · Paper 3 · Q7 · 10 marks
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2021 Oct/Nov · Paper 3 · Q7 · 11 marks
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2021 Feb/Mar · Paper 1 · Q5 · 1 mark
Marking scheme
Mark scheme — 2021 Paper 1 Q5
Answer: A
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