2 (a) Fig. 2.1 shows some of the processes involved in the water cycle. water droplets in the clouds water vapour in the air streams, lakes and the sea water in the ground plants and trees D A E B C Fig. 2.1 (i) Identify the processes labelled A to D in Fig. 2.1. A … B … C … D … [4] (ii) Describe the process that occurs at E in Fig. 2.1. … … … … … … … [3] (b) Some animals can only live in clean water that has a high concentration of dissolved oxygen. Some animals can live in polluted water. A student investigated which animal species lived in different locations in a river. Fig. 2.2 is a diagram of the river. The numbers are the locations of where the student counted how many of each animal species were present. 1 2 3 4 direction of water flow untreated sewage entered the river here 5 Fig. 2.2 The number of each animal species present is shown in Table 2.1. Table 2.1 animal species total number of each animal species found location 1 location 2 location 3 location 4 location 5 mayfly nymph 76 78 0 0 0 freshwater shrimp 70 73 9 17 35 bloodworm 2 1 65 45 16 sludge worm 0 0 111 77 34 (i) State which location has the most animals present. … [1] (ii) Using the information in Fig. 2.2 and Table 2.1, suggest which animal species is unable to survive in polluted water. Give reasons for your choice. species … reasons … … … … … … [3] (iii) Suggest which animal species in Table 2.1 indicates that the water is polluted when it is present. … [1] (iv) Calculate the percentage change in the freshwater shrimp numbers between location 2 and location 3. Give your answer to one decimal place. Space for working. … % [3] [Total: 15]

2(a)(i) A – transpiration ; B – condensation ; C – evaporation ; D – precipitation ; 4 2(a)(ii) any three from: water, absorbed / taken up ; by osmosis ; into root hair cells ; across the, cell membrane / partially permeable membrane ; 3 2(b)(i) (location) 3 ; 1 2(b)(ii) species: mayfly / nymph ; reasons – maximum of two from: there are no mayfly nymphs, after location 3 / in locations 3, 4 and 5 ; sewage / polluted water, enters the river, after location 2 / before location 3 ; sewage is a source of pollution ; 3 2(b)(iii) bloodworm / sludge worm ; 1 2(b)(iv) 87.7(%) ;;; 3 MP1 correct readings from table (73 & 9) MP2 correct calculation MP3 correct rounding to one decimal place ecf MP2 and MP3 from incorrect readings / calculation

3 All living organisms need water. Most plants obtain water from the soil. (a) (i) State the pathway taken by water as it enters and passes through a plant. Use words from the list to fill in the spaces. mesophyll cells root cortex cells root hair cells xylem vessels enters … à … à … à … [2] (ii) Some of the water that enters the plant is used for transpiration. Define the term transpiration. … … … … … [3] (iii) State two ways a plant uses water other than for transpiration. 1 … … 2 … … [2] (b) Fig. 3.1 shows apparatus that can be used to measure water loss in a plant. thermometer 325.0 g plant plastic bag pot of damp soil balance Fig. 3.1 Suggest a reason why the pot of damp soil was placed inside a sealed plastic bag. … … … [1] (c) The apparatus shown in Fig. 3.1 was used in an investigation. The results of this investigation are shown in Fig. 3.2. Readings were taken at hourly intervals during the day between 9:00 and 16:00. 9:00 0.5 0.0 1.0 1.5 rate of water loss from 100 g of leaves / g per hour 2.0 20 15 25 30 temperature / °C 35 10:00 11:00 12:00 time of day 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 temperature water loss temperature water loss Fig. 3.2 (i) Use the information in Fig. 3.2 to state: the maximum rate of water loss from 100 g of leaves … g per hour the time at which the temperature was highest … the maximum temperature reached during the investigation … °C [3] (ii) Describe the relationship between temperature and the rate of water loss from leaves shown in Fig. 3.2. … … … … … … … [3] [Total: 14]

3(a)(i) root hair cells → root cortex cells ; → xylem vessels → mesophyll cells ; 2 3(a)(ii) loss of water vapour (from plant leaves) ; by evaporation of water from the surface of (mesophyll) cells ; (followed by) diffusion through the stomata ; 3 3(a)(iii) any 2 from: for support ; in photosynthesis / to make sugar ; for transport ; chemical reactions take place in solution / solvent ; 2 3(b) idea that the reading on the balance only shows the water lost from leaves (because bag prevents water loss from the soil) / AW ; 1 3(c)(i) 1.35 (g per hour) ; 13:30 ; 31 (°C) ; 3 A 1.30 – 1.40 A 13:12 – 13:54 A 30.5 – 31.5 3(c)(ii) any 3 from: both temperature and water loss increase and decrease ; water loss decreases before temperature decreases / temperature peaks after water loss peak / temperature continues to rise after water loss peaks / AW ; both increase for first three hours ; comparative data quote with units ; 3 To earn marks, you must correctly sequence the pathway of water through the plant, define transpiration by describing the loss of water vapor from leaves via evaporation and diffusion through stomata, and state two other valid uses of water by a plant.

4 (a) Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of a plant cell. … … … … Fig. 4.1 Identify the parts of the plant cell in Fig. 4.1 by labelling them in the spaces provided, using words from the list. cell membrane cell wall chloroplast cytoplasm nucleus vacuole [4] (b) The boxes on the left show parts of a plant cell. The boxes on the right show the functions of the parts. Draw lines to link each part with its function. Draw four lines. part function contains the genetic material cell wall filled with sap and supports the plant cell chloroplast made of cellulose and strengthens the plant cell nucleus site of photosynthesis vacuole site of respiration [4] (c) Xylem is a specialised plant tissue. State two functions of xylem tissue. 1 … 2 … [2] (d) Plant shoots and roots respond to stimuli. Fig. 4.2 is a photograph of a plant that has been grown in the dark. The plant has been grown with the pot in this position and is showing a tropic response to this stimulus. Fig. 4.2 (i) State the name of the tropic response shown in Fig. 4.2. … [1] (ii) Describe how the roots would respond to the same stimulus. … … … [1] [Total: 12]

3(a) arrow drawn from chuckwallas to coyotes ; 1 3(b) producer consumer herbivore carnivore coyote   jack rabbit   rattlesnake   yucca plant  ;;;; 4 one mark for each correct column R each additional tick 3(c) mountain lion ; 1 3(d) (population of) chuckwallas would decrease ; idea of there would be, less food / less energy / more competition (for food) ; 2 4(a) plant cell labelled from top to bottom: cell wall ; cytoplasm ; chloroplast ; cell membrane ; 4 4(b) part funtion ;;;; contains the genetic material cell wall filled with sap and supports the plant cell chloroplast made of cellulose and strengthens the plant cell nucleus site of photosynthesis vacuole site of respiration 4 one mark per part A line between chloroplast and contains the genetic material R other additional lines 4(c) conduction / transport / transfer of, water / mineral ions ; support ; 2 4(d)(i) gravitropism ; 1 4(d)(ii) roots would grow downwards / AW ; 1

5 (a) Define the term transpiration by completing the sentences. Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from plant leaves by … of water at the surfaces of the mesophyll cells followed by … of water vapour through the … . [3] (b) A student investigated the volume of water lost in one hour by different species of plants at different temperatures. Fig. 5.1 shows the results. 3 4 5 0 1 2 volume of water loss / cm3 per hour 6 7 8 9 A plant species Key: cool temperature hot temperature B Fig. 5.1 Compare the volume of water loss in species A and species B. … … … … … … … [3] (c) The investigation was repeated with increased humidity. The temperature was cool. Draw one additional bar on Fig. 5.1, for species B only, to show the expected result. [1] (d) State the name of the vessels that transport water through a plant. … [1] [Total: 8]

5(a) evaporation ; diffusion ; stomata ; 3 5(b) species B lost more water than species A (in, either / both, conditions) ; both species lost more water in hot conditions (than in cool) ; the increase in water loss was greater in species A ; data, comparison / quote, for, cool / hot / difference, with units ; 3 A ora throughout 5(c) one bar drawn on Fig. 5.1, with a height that is less than 4.8 cm3 per hour ; 1 5(d) xylem ; 1 To earn marks for defining transpiration, you must correctly fill in the blanks with 'evaporation', 'diffusion', and 'stomata'. For comparing water loss, you need to state that species B lost more water than A, that both lost more water in hot conditions, and that the increase in water loss was greater for species A, supporting these points with data from the graph.

Cambridge IGCSE Biology · 0610

IGCSE Biology (0610) Transport in plants past paper questions

Transport questions cover xylem and phloem, water uptake, and transpiration.

205 free questions from 2017–2021, each with its marking scheme. Open the full topical bank to filter by subtopic, paper, and year.

Transport in plants in IGCSE Biology 0610 exams, 2020–2025

Across 2020–2025, Transport in plants accounted for 238 questions worth 904 marks in Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610) papers.

By year
Year	Questions	Marks
2020	35	91
2021	39	147
2022	47	168
2023	43	178
2024	42	148
2025	32	172

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Paper 5 · 4 qs
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2021 Oct/Nov · Paper 3 · Q2 · 15 marks
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2021 May/Jun · Paper 3 · Q3 · 14 marks
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2021 Feb/Mar · Paper 3 · Q4 · 12 marks
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2021 Oct/Nov · Paper 3 · Q5 · 8 marks
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2021 Feb/Mar · Paper 1 · Q17 · 1 mark
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Mark scheme — 2021 Paper 1 Q17
Answer: B
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