2 (a) Fig. 2.1 is a front view diagram of the male reproductive system in humans. D C B A Fig. 2.1 The boxes on the left show the letters identifying the parts in Fig. 2.1. The boxes on the right show the functions of some of the parts of the male reproductive system. Draw lines to link each letter to its function. Draw four lines. letter from Fig. 2.1 function A B C D gland that secretes fluid for sperm to swim in produces sperm sac that holds the testes tube carrying semen and urine tube carrying sperm to urethra [4] (b) Sperm are the male gametes in humans. (i) State the name of the female gamete in humans. … [1] (ii) State the name of the cell that is formed at fertilisation. … [1] (iii) State the usual site of fertilisation in humans. … [1] (c) The human reproductive system is involved in sexual reproduction. Compare asexual reproduction with sexual reproduction. … … … … … … … [3] [Total: 10]

2(a) gland that secretes fluid for sperm to swim in A produce sperm B sac that holds the testes C tube carrying semen and urine D tube carrying sperm to urethra ;;;; 4 one mark for each correct line R each additional line 2(b)(i) egg cell / ovum / ova ; 1 2(b)(ii) zygote ; 1 2(b)(iii) oviduct ; 1 (a) To earn marks, you must draw a line from each letter (A, B, C, D) to its correct corresponding function, with one mark awarded for each correct line. (b)(i) You earn the mark by stating 'egg cell', 'ovum', or 'ova'. (b)(ii) You earn the mark by stating 'zygote'. (b)(iii) You earn the mark by stating 'oviduct'. (c) To earn marks, you need to provide three distinct comparisons between asexual and sexual reproduction, such as the number of parents, genetic similarity of offspring, or involvement of gametes/fertilisation.

3 (a) Fig. 3.1 is a diagram showing stages during the development of a human embryo and fetus. Fig. 3.1 (i) Put a tick (3) in the box that describes a human embryo. a ball of cells a cell with energy stores and a jelly coating a cell with a flagellum is made of cells that have a cell wall [1] (ii) Table 3.1 shows some of the events (D to J) that occur between fertilisation and birth. The events are not in the correct order. Table 3.1 D a baby is born E complexity of the fetus increases more than size F a zygote is formed G embryo implants into the wall of the uterus H size of the fetus increases more than complexity J the zygote divides by mitosis to produce two cells Put the events into the correct sequence by ordering the letters. One has been done for you. J [3] (b) Complete the sentences using the words and phrases from the list. Each word or phrase may be used once, more than once or not at all. afterbirth amniotic sac amniotic fluid cervix oviduct penis umbilical cord uterus wall vagina Birth begins when the strong muscles of the … start to contract. This causes the … to dilate. The … can break at this stage. The muscles start to push the baby out. The baby moves through the … . The … is tied and cut. Finally the … is delivered. [6] [Total: 10]

3(a)(i) tick in the box next to ‘a ball of cells’ ; 1 R additional ticks 3(a)(ii) ;;; F J G E H D 3 one mark for F at the start and D at the end one mark for G before E one mark for E before H 3(b) uterus wall ; cervix ; amniotic sac ; vagina / cervix ; umbilical cord ; afterbirth ; 6 To earn marks, you must tick only the box next to 'a ball of cells'. For the sequence, you need to correctly order the events as F, J, G, E, H, D, specifically ensuring F is at the start, D at the end, G before E, and E before H. For the fill-in-the-blanks, you must correctly use 'uterus wall', 'cervix', 'amniotic sac', 'vagina' (or 'cervix'), 'umbilical cord', and 'afterbirth' in the correct order.

4 (a) The box on the left contains the words ‘Aerobic respiration’. The boxes on the right show some sentence endings. Draw lines to make three correct sentences about aerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration involves the action of enzymes. occurs in animals only. produces water. requires carbon dioxide. releases less energy than anaerobic respiration. requires oxygen. [3] (b) One effect of the release of the hormone adrenaline is to increase blood glucose concentration. This allows more aerobic respiration to occur. (i) Place ticks (✓) in the correct boxes to show other effects of the release of adrenaline on the body. change in the genotype decreased breathing rate development of lung cancer increased pulse rate widened pupils [2] (ii) State the name of the gland that releases adrenaline. … [1] (iii) State how adrenaline is transported to its target organs. … … [1] (c) State the names of two hormones involved in the development of secondary sexual characteristics in humans. 1 … 2 … [2] (d) State the name of the organ that secretes the hormone insulin. … [1] (e) Organs, tissues and specialised cells are structures in the body that perform a particular function. Write these parts of the body in order of size from smallest to largest. cell DNA molecule organ organ system tissue smallest … … … … largest … [2] [Total: 12]

2(c) any three from: asexual reproduction: sexual reproduction: 1 both produce offspring / AW 2 one parent two parents 3 genetically identical offspring / clone genetically different offspring 4 no involvement of gametes (named) gametes 5 no fertilisation fertilisation / fusion of gametes 6 no variation variation 7 fast slow 8 mitosis meiosis (and mitosis) 9 less energy required more energy required ;;; 3 one mark per row response does not have to be in a table (a) To earn marks, you must draw three correct lines linking 'Aerobic respiration' to its correct sentence endings, such as 'involves the action of enzymes', 'produces water', and 'requires oxygen'. (b)(i) To earn marks, you must place ticks in the boxes next to 'increased pulse rate' and 'widened pupils'. (b)(ii) You earn the mark by stating 'adrenal gland'. (b)(iii) You earn the mark by stating that adrenaline is transported in the 'blood' or 'bloodstream'. (c) To earn marks, you must state the names of two hormones involved in the development of secondary sexual characteristics, such as 'testosterone' and 'oestrogen' (or 'estrogen').

4 (a) Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of the female reproductive system. M L J K Fig. 4.1 Table 4.1 shows some of the names and functions of the structures labelled with letters J to M in Fig. 4.1. Complete Table 4.1. Table 4.1 letter in Fig. 4.1 name of the structure function of the structure J transfers egg cells to the uterus K production of eggs L cervix M uterus wall [4] (b) There are a range of birth control options available to humans. Table 4.2 shows some information about types of birth control. Complete Table 4.2. Table 4.2 type of birth control example of birth control barrier contraceptive implant natural [3] [Total: 7]

4(a) oviduct ; ovary ; closed in pregnancy / dilates to allow childbirth / enables passage of sperm for fertilisation / AVP ; contracts in labour / AVP ; 4 4(b) type of birth control example of birth control barrier condom / femidom / diaphragm ; chemical ; contraceptive implant natural abstinence / monitoring temperature / AVP ; 3

Cambridge IGCSE Biology · 0610

IGCSE Biology (0610) Reproduction past paper questions

Reproduction questions cover asexual and sexual reproduction in plants and humans, including the menstrual cycle.

329 free questions from 2017–2021, each with its marking scheme. Open the full topical bank to filter by subtopic, paper, and year.

Reproduction in IGCSE Biology 0610 exams, 2020–2025

Across 2020–2025, Reproduction accounted for 375 questions worth 1,504 marks in Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610) papers.

By year
Year	Questions	Marks
2020	67	336
2021	61	295
2022	61	211
2023	55	231
2024	58	216
2025	73	215

Most-tested subtopics

16.4 Sexual reproduction in humans605 marks
16.3 Sexual reproduction in plants470 marks
16.5 Sex hormones in humans306 marks

Appears in

Paper 1 · 153 qs
Paper 2 · 121 qs
Paper 3 · 54 qs
Paper 4 · 36 qs
Paper 5 · 6 qs
Paper 6 · 5 qs

All most-tested Biology topics

2021 May/Jun · Paper 3 · Q2 · 10 marks
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2021 May/Jun · Paper 3 · Q3 · 10 marks
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2021 May/Jun · Paper 3 · Q4 · 12 marks
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2021 Oct/Nov · Paper 3 · Q4 · 7 marks
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2021 May/Jun · Paper 1 · Q28 · 1 mark
Marking scheme
Mark scheme — 2021 Paper 1 Q28
Answer: D
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