8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows a simplified diagram of an a.c. generator. coil output P Q X Y N S rotation of coil Fig. 8.1 (i) State the names of components: P and Q … X and Y. … [2] (ii) Explain why an electromotive force (e.m.f.) is only induced when the coil is turning. … … [1] (iii) State one possible change that causes a larger e.m.f. to be induced. … [1] (b) Fig. 8.2 shows a circuit diagram. D A C B V I Fig. 8.2 Resistors A, B, C and D are identical. The current in resistor A is 2.4 A. (i) State the value of the current in resistor B. Explain your answer. current in resistor B … explanation … … [2] (ii) Calculate the value of the current I. current I = … [1] , , Ĭ Ċ Ġ í õ Ī Ċ ü Ą (iii) The reading on the voltmeter is 5.0 V. Calculate the resistance of resistor A. resistance = … [2] [Total: 9] , ,

8(a)(i) P and Q: slip rings B1 X and Y: brushes B1 8(a)(ii) coil cuts magnetic field B1 8(a)(iii) any one from: • increase strength of magnetic field • increase speed of rotation of coil • increase number of turns (of coil) B1 8(b)(i) 1.2 A B1 (total) resistance of two (identical) resistors in series is added / doubled B1 8(b)(ii) 6(.0) A B1 8(b)(iii) 2.1  A2 V = I R OR (R =) V ÷ I OR (R =) 5(.0) ÷ 2.4 C1

2 A student investigates a light-dependent resistor (LDR). The student assembles a series circuit consisting of a power supply, a switch, a 470 Ω resistor and an LDR. (a) Fig. 2.1 shows part of the circuit that the student assembles. + – X Y 470 Ω Z Fig. 2.1 Complete the circuit by adding the correct symbol for an LDR between Y and Z. Choose from the list provided in Fig. 2.2. Fig. 2.2 [1] (b) (i) The student: • closes the switch • connects a voltmeter across the 470 Ω resistor • records the reading on the voltmeter • opens the switch. On Fig. 2.1, draw a voltmeter connected to measure the potential difference (p.d.) across the 470 Ω resistor. [1] Ĭ Ċ Ġ í õ Ī Ċ ü þ (ii) The voltmeter reading is shown in Fig. 2.3. 0 3 1 2 V Fig. 2.3 Record the voltmeter reading VXY. VXY = … V [1] (c) The current I in the circuit is calculated using the equation: I = VXY R , where R = 470 Ω. Use your voltmeter reading in (b)(ii) to calculate the current I. I = … [2] (d) The student: • closes the switch • connects the voltmeter between points Y and Z • records the voltmeter reading VYZ • opens the switch. 2.2 V VYZ = … Calculate the resistance RB of the LDR in bright light using the equation: RB = VYZ I . RB = … Ω [1] , , (e) (i) The student covers the LDR with a piece of card and repeats the procedure described in (b) and (d). 0.15 V VXY = … 2.9 V VYZ = … Calculate the resistance RD of the LDR in the dark using the equation: RD = 470 Ω × VYZ VXY . RD = … Ω [1] (ii) The student removes the card from the top of the LDR and slowly lifts it vertically upwards away from the LDR until the card is 30 cm above the LDR. The student observes and records the readings on the voltmeter across the LDR (VYZ) as the card is raised. Table 2.1 shows the student’s results. Table 2.1 distance / cm potential difference VYZ / V 0 2.9 5 2.5 10 2.4 15 2.3 20 2.2 25 2.2 30 2.2 Describe how the p.d. across the LDR (VYZ) changes as the distance between the card and the LDR increases. … … … [2] , , Ĭ Ċ Ġ í õ Ī Ċ ü Ā (f) When the LDR is covered by the card, the current in the circuit changes. Use the student’s results from (b)(ii), (d) and (e)(i) to show how this change in current affects the value of the total potential difference (VXY + VYZ). … … … [2] [Total: 11] , ,

2(a) correct symbol only for the LDR chosen AND a series connection 1 2(b)(i) correct voltmeter symbol AND voltmeter connected in parallel with the resistor 1 2(b)(ii) 0.8(0) (V) 1 2(c) I = 0.0017 ÷ 1.7  10–3 1 A / ampere / amps 1 2(d) RB = 1290 OR 1292 OR 1292.5 OR 1293 OR 1294 OR 1300 () OR 2.2  candidate’s (c) 1 2(e)(i) RD = 9086.6 OR 9086.7 OR 9087 OR 9090 OR 9100 () 1 2(e)(ii) reading / voltage / p.d. decreases (as the distance increases) 1 after 15 cm / from 20 cm the reading becomes constant 1 2(f) VXY + VYZ remains constant / values are nearly equal / increases 1 values quoted to confirm statement 1

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the core of a transformer. It is made from thin sheets of iron. 50 mm thin sheet of iron core of transformer Fig. 1.1 (not to scale) (a) There are 200 sheets of iron in the core of the transformer. The thickness of the core is 50 mm. Calculate the average thickness of one sheet of iron. average thickness of one sheet = … mm [3] (b) The density of the iron in the core is 7.65 g / cm3. The mass of the core is 1377 g. Calculate the volume of the core. volume = … cm3 [3] (c) State the name of a device used to measure mass. … [1] [Total: 7]

1(a) (average thickness =) total thickness ÷ number of sheets C1 (average thickness =) 50 ÷ 200 C1 0.25 (mm) A1 1(b) density = mass ÷ volume OR (volume =) mass ÷ density C1 (volume =) 1377 ÷ 7.65 C1 180 (cm3) A1 1(c) (top pan or chemical) balance B1 (a) To earn marks, you must show the formula for average thickness, substitute the given values correctly, and state the final answer with the correct unit. (b) You need to state the formula relating density, mass, and volume, substitute the given mass and density, and provide the calculated volume. (c) Simply state the name of a device used to measure mass.

6 (a) A girl has eight objects made of different materials. The materials have different electrical and magnetic properties. a piece of copper wire a sheet of aluminium foil a glass rod an iron nail a piece of cotton cloth a wooden block a plastic strip a paper bag Complete Table 6.1 by adding one object for each property. One is done for you. Choose objects from the list. Each object may be used once, more than once or not at all. Table 6.1 property object electrical conductor electrical insulator non-magnetic material a wooden block magnetic material can be charged by rubbing with a cloth [4] (b) Fig. 6.1 shows three measuring instruments. Write the name of each measuring instrument next to its diagram. The measuring instruments are not drawn to scale. … … … Fig. 6.1 [3] [Total: 7]

6(a) property object conductor copper wire OR aluminium foil OR iron nail insulator cotton cloth OR wooden block OR plastic strip OR paper bag OR glass rod non-magnetic a wooden block magnetic material iron nail can be charged by rubbing with a cloth plastic strip OR glass rod B1 B1 B1 B1 6(b) (liquid-in-glass) thermometer B1 manometer B1 measuring cylinder B1 (a) To earn these marks, you must correctly identify one object for each property: an electrical conductor, an electrical insulator, a non-magnetic material, a magnetic material, and a material that can be charged by rubbing. (b) To earn these marks, you must correctly name each of the three measuring instruments shown in the diagrams.

Cambridge IGCSE Physics · 0625

IGCSE Physics (0625) Electricity and magnetism past paper questions

These questions test circuits, electrical quantities, magnetism, and electromagnetic induction — a dense, calculation-heavy topic.

1197 free questions from 2016–2025, each with its marking scheme. Open the full topical bank to filter by subtopic, paper, and year.

Electricity and magnetism in IGCSE Physics 0625 exams, 2020–2025

Across 2020–2025, Electricity and magnetism accounted for 1,138 questions worth 3,383 marks in Cambridge IGCSE Physics (0625) papers.

By year
Year	Questions	Marks
2020	190	578
2021	200	610
2022	206	585
2023	188	509
2024	175	521
2025	179	580

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Paper 4 · 112 qs
Paper 5 · 47 qs
Paper 6 · 47 qs

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2025 May/Jun · Paper 4 · Q8 · 9 marks
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2025 May/Jun · Paper 6 · Q2 · 11 marks
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2021 May/Jun · Paper 3 · Q1 · 7 marks
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2021 Oct/Nov · Paper 3 · Q6 · 7 marks
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2025 May/Jun · Paper 2 · Q27 · 1 mark
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Mark scheme — 2025 Paper 2 Q27
Answer: D
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